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Ammonium nitrite formula, also known as Ammoniumnitrit formula or Azanium nitrite formula is discussed in this article. It is highly unstable hence not used in its pure form. At room temperature, it decomposes to nitrogen and water. The molecular or chemical formula of Ammonium nitrite is NH4NO2. Ammonium nitrite is naturally formed in the air and it can be synthesized by the absorption of equal parts of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide in liquid ammonia. It can also be obtained by oxidation of ammonia with hydrogen peroxide or ozone. Also, it can be produced by precipitating lead nitrite or barium with ammonium sulfate, or potassium nitrite with ammonium perchlorate, or ammonium chloride with silver nitrite. The precipitate formed is filtered. The crystals obtained are colourless and dissolves in water.
Ammonium nitrite Formula Structure
Properties Of Ammonium nitrite Formula
| Chemical formula | NH4NO2 |
| Molecular weight | 64.06 |
| Density | 1.69 g/cm3 |
| Appearance | Pale yellow |
| Melting point | Decomposes |
This inorganic chemical compound explodes if it is heated above 60 to 70 °C. The rate of decomposition is faster when dissolved in concentrated solution when compared to in dry crystal form.
Definition of Ammonium Nitrite
Ammonium nitrite can be defined as a chemical compound containing atoms of nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, it can also be defined as the ammonium salt of nitrous acid. Ammonium nitrite is highly unstable in the pure form due to this reason they are never used in pure form and is always used as a conjugate. This article focuses on the chemical formula for ammonium nitrite, the structural formula of the ammonium nitrite, its uses, and its properties.
Preparation of Ammonium Nitrite
There are various methods of preparation of ammonium salt which include some natural methods and some chemical preparative methods. Some of the methods of preparation of the ammonium nitrite are mentioned below.
- They are naturally prepared in the air by the process of absorption, the nitric oxide and the nitrogen dioxide are absorbed in equal parts in the presence of liquid ammonia to produce the ammonium nitrite chemical compound.
- The second method involves the formation of the compound through precipitation. In this process, nitrite or barium is precipitated with the following compounds, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrite with ammonium perchlorate, or ammonium chloride. The precipitates filtered out. The precipitate is in crystal form, they are colorless, and is soluble in water. The crystal is of ammonium nitrite, the ammonium nitrite formula is NH4NO2.
- The third method is the most widely used industrial method of preparation of the chemical compound. The method involves oxidation. The ammonia undergoes an oxidation reaction in presence of ozone to yield a colorless crystal of ammonium nitrite. Hydrogen peroxide can also be used as a replacement for the ozone.
- Another method is a reaction between silver nitrate and ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrite is also formed as a product. The chemical formula of ammonium nitrite is written as NH4NO2. The chemical reaction can be represented as
Uses
The uses of ammonium nitrite are mentioned as follows.
- It is used as a micro biocide,
- It is used as a rodenticide,
- It is also used as agricultural pesticides.
- It is also used in the production of nitrogen gas.
- It is also used for the production of ammonium cobalt-nitrite
- The most common use of ammonium nitrite is the use of compounds in manufacturing explosives.
Safety Hazards
It is well understood that ammonium nitrite is highly explosive, apart from this the compound is highly toxic for humans as well as aquatic animals. During heating the crystal, toxic fumes of ammonia and nitrogen gas are produced which are potentially lethal when present in direct contact.
Solved Example for You
Question: The ammonium nitrite (NH4NO2) decomposes when we heat it for producing nitrogen gas and water vapors. What is the total volume of gases formed when 32.0 g ammonium nitrite decomposes completely at 350 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 1.00 atm?
Solution:
NH4NO2 → N2 + 2H2O.
Moles of ammonium nitrite = 0.5.
As per the stoichiometry,
0.5 moles of ammonium nitrite produces 0.5 moles of nitrogen gas and 1 mole of water vapor.
Thus, total moles of the products = 0.5 + 1 = 1.5.
As per the ideal gas law,
PV = nRT.
Thus, V = nRT/P.
Or, V = 76.63 L.
Thus, total volume = 76.63 L.
FAQs on Ammonium Nitrite Formula
Q.1. What is the Most Common Use of Ammonium Nitrite?
Ans: The most common use of the compound is its use in manufacturing explosives. The other important use includes use in the production of micro biocide, rodenticide, and agricultural pesticides.
Q.2. What is the Chemical Nature of the Compound?
Ans: The chemical nature of the ammonium nitrite is defined as a basic ammonium salt of nitrous acid. The chemical formula of ammonium nitrite is written as NH4NO2.
Q.3. What is the Molecular Weight of Ammonium Nitrite?
Ans: The molecular weight of the compound is 1.69 g/cm3.
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